Mushroom Extract AHCC Health Benefits

AHCC (Active Hexose Correlated Compound) is a mushroom extract obtained from the mycelia of Shiitake mushrooms (Lentinula edodes). Originating in Japan in the 1980s, AHCC has attracted significant attention due to its health benefits, such as its immune-boosting properties. It is also an important part of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).

Despite the lackluster scientific evidence, it is known to increase the activity of the natural killer cells in cancerous people, prevent diabetes, protect the liver from various diseases, and prevent drug-related liver damage. It is used in Japan and various other parts of Asia as a supplement to boost immunity and overall health.  

Let’s have an overview of the various health benefits of AHCC. 

Immune Support

AHCC has the ability to support the immune system. It enhances the activity of various immune cells, e.g., T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and macrophages. These cells have a vital role in the body's defence against diseases and infections. Various studies have shown that AHCC increases the activity and production of these immune cells, thereby enhancing the body's ability to fight infections. 

• A review by Professor Min Sun Shin and colleagues working at Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA, noted that AHCC contains various nutrients, such as minerals, amino acids, and oligosaccharides, that modulate immune cells, such as T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. These cells form the first line of defence against infections and malignancies.  

NK Cell Activity

Natural killer cells (NK cells) are a type of lymphocyte that plays a vital role in the early defence against infections and tumours. Research shows that AHCC supplementation significantly increases NK cell activity, improving the body's ability to fight infections and reducing the risk of cancer development. 

• According to researchers at Drexel University, Philadelphia, USA, AHCC increases the cellular activity, survival, and bacterial clearance of NK cells. However, the response to viral infections needs more investigation.

Cytokine Production

Cytokines are the proteins that regulate immune responses. AHCC modulates the production of cytokines and promotes a balanced immune response. This modulation allows the body to manage inflammation and improves overall immunity, making the body more resilient to diseases and infections. Various studies have testified to these effects, e.g.,

• A study published by Cellular Immunology 2012 noted that AHCC induces more interleukin production by the monocytes and various other cytokines from CD4+ T cells and Th cells. 

Anti-Cancer Properties

AHCC is extensively studied for its anti-cancer properties. It enhances the immune system's ability to detect and destroy these cells. Several clinical studies have highlighted the use of AHCC in cancer, particularly in people undergoing chemotherapy. 

• A recent study published in Frontiers in Immunology in 2022 noted that AHCC improves the antitumor properties of dual immune checkpoint blockade (DICB) by affecting the gut microbiota and boosting the functions of the T cells. Thus, AHCC enhances the therapeutic effects of immunotherapy in cancers. 

Chemotherapy Support

Chemotherapy significantly weakens the immune system, making the patients more susceptible to bacterial and viral infections. AHCC supplementation helps maintain immune functions during chemotherapy, lowering the risk of diseases and improving the quality of life. Some studies also suggest that AHCC enhances the effectiveness of chemotherapy by sensitising cancer cells to the treatment. 

• According to the Cancer Therapy Advisor, 24 patients were given AHCC in the second round of chemotherapy, resulting in better quality of life scores and lower markers of hepatotoxicity and hematotoxicity compared to the first cycle of chemotherapy when no AHCC was used.

Tumour Growth Inhibition

Preclinical studies have shown that AHCC inhibits tumour growth in different types of cancer, e.g., breast, liver, and colon cancer. The mechanism involves activating immune cells that detect and destroy cancer cells. Furthermore, AHCC's antioxidant properties also protect the cells from oxidative damage linked to cancer development. 

• A study by Professor Francesca Paganelli and colleagues in Italy showed that a combination of AHCC and the standardised extract of Asparagus officinalis stem (ETAS) reduces the migration of the colorectal cancer cells and lowers the expression of essential Notch1 and LGR5 genes in the cancer stem cells.

Liver Health

The liver processes nutrients and detoxifies the body. AHCC supports liver health by promoting liver function and protecting liver cells from damage. It has hepatoprotective properties and protects liver cells from damage due to toxins and other harmful substances. It is beneficial for people with liver conditions, e.g., fatty liver disease and hepatitis. 

Studies have shown that AHCC reduces liver enzyme levels, indicating improved liver function and reduced inflammation.

• A clinical trial study published in the Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (Tokyo) noted that a 12-week supplementation of AHCC at the dose rate of 1 g AHCC daily improves the levels of anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines and liver enzymes in patients with alcohol-induced liver enzyme elevation.

Antioxidant Activity

Oxidative stress causes liver damage and boosts the progression of various diseases. AHCC's antioxidant properties neutralise free radicals, lowering oxidative stress and protecting the cells from liver damage. The antioxidant activity of AHCC contributes to healthy body functions and overall health.

• A study published in the Endocrine Regulations in 2004 noted that ferric nitrilotriacetate (FeNTA) induces free-radical production in vivo, and AHCC ameliorates these effects by working as an antioxidant. Consequently, FeNTA reduced the ascorbic acid (vitamin C) level in the adrenal gland, and AHCC restored this level to normal.

Cardiovascular Health

Emerging evidence suggests that AHCC also benefits cardiovascular health. While more studies are necessary to confirm these findings, the initial findings are promising. The anti-inflammatory properties, anti-oxidant effects, immune support, improved blood lipid profile, blood pressure regulation, sleep improvement, and stress reduction all contribute to better cardiovascular health. 

A study published in the Nutrients noted the direct and indirect efficacy of AHCC against chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). 

Cholesterol Management

Various studies indicate that AHCC helps manage cholesterol levels. Elevated cholesterol levels are an important major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. AHCC supplementation is associated with reduced total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels, or the "bad" cholesterol. This reduction helps prevent the buildup of plaques in arteries, reducing the risk of strokes and heart attacks. 

Blood Pressure Regulation

High blood pressure is a risk factor for heart disease. Research shows that AHCC regulates blood pressure by improving endothelial function. The endothelium is the innermost lining of blood vessels, and its proper functioning is necessary for maintaining healthy blood pressure.

AHCC's ability to improve endothelial health leads to better blood pressure and cardiovascular regulation. 

• Research by Mehran Haidari and colleagues (The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, USA) noted that the reactive oxygen species (ROS) disrupts the endothelial adherens junction, and AHCC helps attenuate this disruption, protecting the endothelial cells.

Digestive Health

AHCC supports digestive health by improving the functions of the digestive system and promoting a balanced gut microbiota. Research published by the European Journal of Nutrition in 2016 noted that feeding AHCC increases the number of IgA+ cells in the intestines and the production of cytokine in the intestinal fluid. Thus, AHCC improves the immune response and immune homeostasis in the intestines. 

The gut microbiota is vital in health, affecting immune functions, digestion, and mental health. AHCC promotes a healthy balance of gut microbes, supporting digestive health and improving nutrient absorption. A balanced gut microbiota helps prevent digestive disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Anti-Inflammatory Effects

Inflammation in the digestive tract causes various digestive discomforts and disorders. AHCC's anti-inflammatory properties help reduce gut inflammation, improve digestive health, and alleviate symptoms of digestive health issues, such as colitis and gastritis. By reducing inflammation and modulating the immune response, AHCC supports a healthier digestive system.

Mental Health and Cognitive Function

The benefits of AHCC extend beyond physical health and include cognitive functions and mental health. The research suggests that AHCC positively impacts mental well-being and brain health. Although more research is necessary, some well-known effects of AHCC on mental health are; 

Stress Reduction

Chronic stress has detrimental effects on mental and physical health. AHCC modulates the body's stress response, reducing stress hormones such as cortisol. By managing stress levels, AHCC contributes to better mental health and overall well-being. 

• Research published in the Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery in 2013 noted that better immunity observed due to AHCC supplementation is due to the attenuated concentration of catecholamines and stress hormones. 

Cognitive Function

Preliminary studies have suggested that AHCC protects against cognitive decline and supports cognitive function. This effect is linked to AHCC's anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which support healthy brain function and protect brain cells from damage. Further research is necessary to understand the impact of AHCC on cognitive health fully, but initial findings are promising.

Safety Guidelines

AHCC is generally considered safe at recommended dosages. Some users reported experiencing GI disturbances, such as bloating, diarrhoea, and nausea, with the liquid form of AHCC. Some users reported foot cramps, fatigue, and headaches with the liquid form of AHCC. It is generally well-tolerated.

However, it is always better to consult a healthcare provider before using it, especially for people with underlying health conditions and taking medications. If any adverse effects occur, it is better to discontinue its use and consult a healthcare provider.

Recommended Dosage

AHCC's dosage guidelines range from 500 mg to 3 grams per day, depending on the individual's specific health needs and health status. Some studies have used doses as high as 6g/day. It is vital to follow the manufacturer's guidelines and consult a healthcare provider to decide on the appropriate dosage. 

Frequently Asked Questions  

Is AHCC Safe to take? 

AHCC is safe when taken orally in doses of 4.5-6g daily for up to 6 months. Consult a healthcare provider for more personalised doses. 

Is AHCC an effective one? 

AHCC is effective, and studies have found that people taking AHCC for six months have a 60% rate of cure as compared to just 10% in the placebo group. However, it is not a substitute for other standard therapies. 

What are the side effects of AHCC? 

AHCC causes some side effects, e.g., it interacts with some cancer medications and some other liver-metabolised drugs. It is necessary to practise caution while using it. Some patients report foot cramps, fatigue, diarrhoea, nausea, bloating, and headache with liquid AHCC. 

Does AHCC cause weight gain? 

One study found that oral use of AHCC causes some weight gain in the stressed group. However, more studies are necessary for a better understanding.

What are the AHCC-rich foods?

AHCC is a proprietary extract from the Lentinus edodes mushroom. Other foods and mushrooms containing beta-glucans and polysaccharides similar to those found in the AHCC are Turkey Tail Mushrooms, Lion's Mane Mushrooms, cordyceps Mushrooms, Reishi Mushrooms, and Maitake Mushrooms.  

Which foods need to be avoided while using AHCC? 

Some anticancer treatments, such as ondansetron and doxorubicin, require caution and consultation with a healthcare provider. Furthermore, it decreases the efficacy of aromatase inhibitors. It is best to practice caution and consult a healthcare provider.

Conclusion

AHCC is a mushroom extract with numerous health benefits. From supporting liver health and immune function to promoting digestive and cardiovascular health, AHCC offers a natural boost to overall well-being. While more research is necessary, the evidence suggests that AHCC is valuable to a healthy lifestyle.

As with other supplements, it is necessary to consult a healthcare provider before incorporating AHCC into the daily routine to ensure it is appropriate for the individual's health needs.

Welzo offers Quality Of Life Labs Immunokinoko AHCC 750mg Vcaps and Quality of Life Labs Kinoko Gold AHCC 500mg Caps. Visit the respective pages to place the order. We also offer a range of healthcare tests and online consultations.