Steroids are medicines which are prescribed to treat pain and reduce inflammation. They could be natural or synthetic. Natural steroids are produced in your body, e.g., sex hormones, while various synthetic steroids are also available. The body naturally produces steroids in response to stress, e.g., trauma, disease etc. The steroids applied on the skin to treat skin conditions are called topical corticosteroids. These creams reduce the itching and inflammation and allow the skin to start healing. A large variety of topical corticosteroids with different potency, dosages and concentrations are available in creams, ointments, gels, lotions, and solutions. You can see our range of products by visiting our Skin care page. But how do these topical steroids work? Are these steroids safe for you? What could be the possible side effects? How can creams be used safely? To answer these questions, you should first know how steroids work.
A topical corticosteroid is mainly prescribed to suppress the inflammation on the infected skin and reduce the pain and swelling associated with inflammation. They perform their job by influencing chemical signalling pathways in the skin and bloodstream. Applying a steroid cream or ointment to your skin slowly absorbs through the layers, eventually entering the bloodstream. Once there, the steroid molecules stimulate the production of proteins called lipocortins. These proteins inhibit arachidonic acid, which plays a key role in initiating inflammation. By blocking this pathway, topical corticosteroids effectively reduce redness, itching, and swelling. To further protect the skin from external inflammation triggers like UV exposure, daily sunscreen application is essential. A dermatologist-recommended option is the EVE LOM Daily Protection SPF 50 Facial Sunscreen 50ml, offering high sun protection while nourishing sensitive skin prone to steroid-induced dryness or irritation.
Pain and swelling are key symptoms of inflammation. The swelling is often caused by the dilation of blood vessels at the affected site. Steroid molecules work by constricting these local blood vessels, which in turn reduces swelling and pain. This effect, combined with their anti-inflammatory mechanism, makes topical corticosteroids effective for a variety of skin conditions including eczema, dermatitis, and psoriasis.
Corticosteroids can also suppress the release of bacterial and viral toxins, offering an additional layer of protection for your skin cells against external pathogens. This defensive action helps prevent further tissue damage and supports the healing process.
Topical corticosteroids are generally safe when used appropriately. However, unsafe use—especially over long periods, in high concentrations, or over large areas—can result in local, systemic, or withdrawal side effects. These risks are more significant in older adults, undernourished individuals, and those using high-potency steroids.
Local reactions occur at the site of application. If you're using a steroid cream for the first time, you may experience a mild skin reaction such as itching, redness, or a burning sensation. These are usually temporary and subside as your skin adjusts. Hydrating the skin and shielding it from further sensitivity is crucial. For example, Badger Sunscreen Clear Zinc SPF 30 82g is formulated with soothing, non-irritating ingredients that not only offer sun protection but also help calm sensitised skin. Folliculitis is another potential side effect, where hair follicles become inflamed due to immune suppression, resulting in redness or pus-filled bumps. Contact dermatitis, where the skin reacts allergically to the steroid, can also occur. Some conditions may worsen with steroid use, such as acne or rosacea. Prolonged use may lead to skin thinning, increased fragility, and stretch marks. Hirsutism, or unwanted hair growth at the application site, and pigment changes—especially in people with darker skin tones—may also occur.
Although topical, some steroids can be absorbed into the bloodstream and lead to systemic effects. These include delayed wound healing, higher susceptibility to fungal infections, and atrophy (reduced size) of skin or muscle tissue. Facial flushing or rosacea-like symptoms can also occur in some individuals.
Withdrawal symptoms may appear when steroid creams are discontinued suddenly after long-term use. These may include skin redness, burning, stinging, or peeling. This is especially common with high-potency formulations applied on sensitive skin. In cases where inflammation flares up post-withdrawal, you may also experience blemishes or breakouts. To support your skincare routine, consider targeted acne products such as Acnecide Face Wash Gel, which contains benzoyl peroxide to control acne while being gentle enough for compromised skin.
Use topical steroids only under a doctor's supervision. Follow dosage instructions precisely and do not use for longer than recommended. These medications are strictly for external use. Avoid application on broken skin, wounds, or around the eyes. If accidentally applied to these areas, rinse thoroughly with water. Wash hands before and after application. Apply only a thin layer—using the fingertip unit (FTU) measurement is a good guide, with one FTU enough to cover a palm-sized area. Shake lotions well before use to ensure even distribution of active ingredients. Do not cover the treated area with a bandage unless directed by a doctor. If long-term treatment is needed, opt for a lower-potency cream and avoid high-strength products unless advised otherwise. In addition, daily protection from the sun is crucial during steroid treatment to prevent further skin sensitivity. For users seeking fragrance-free, high-coverage options, Nivea Sun Sensitive Immediate Protect Spray SPF50+ UVA 4 200ml provides gentle protection and is ideal for vulnerable skin under treatment.
When steroid-induced dryness occurs, it's important to maintain hydration and support the skin barrier. Integrating a daily, natural moisturiser and protective SPF is recommended. The Attitude Sunly - Sunscreen Stick - Unscented - 30 SPF - 60 g is an excellent choice for people looking for a minimalist, skin-friendly formulation that works well alongside topical medications.
Steroids are often used to treat skin inflammation and are generally safe and effective when used as directed. However, misuse can lead to undesirable side effects including local irritation, systemic reactions, and withdrawal symptoms. Safe usage requires medical guidance, adherence to recommended dosages, and support from a balanced skincare routine. Incorporating gentle, protective products such as Uvistat Sun Cream SPF50 UVA 3 125ml can further help prevent additional skin damage while healing. And when breakouts persist or reappear, options like Witch S.O.S Blemish Stick 10g offer a simple way to manage localised blemishes without irritating sensitive skin. Always follow medical advice, and consider routine dermatologist consultations to optimise your treatment and maintain long-term skin health.
