Laxatives are substances that help stimulate bowel movements or soften stool to relieve constipation. They are commonly used when individuals experience difficulty passing stool or have irregular bowel movements. There are several types of laxatives, each working in different ways:

Bulk-Forming Laxatives: These absorb water into the stool, increasing its bulk and making it easier to pass. Common examples include fiber supplements like psyllium husk.

Stimulant Laxatives: These stimulate the muscles in the intestines to promote bowel movements. Examples include senna and bisacodyl.

Osmotic Laxatives: These draw water into the intestines to soften the stool and make it easier to pass. Products like Phillips'® Milk of Magnesia and MiraLAX® fall into this category.

Stool Softeners: These work by softening the stool, making it easier to pass without straining. Docusate sodium is a common stool softener.

Lubricant Laxatives: These coat the stool and the intestines, making it easier for the stool to move through the bowel. An example is mineral oil.

Laxatives are widely available in various forms such as tablets, capsules, liquids, and powders. While laxatives can provide relief from occasional constipation, they should be used carefully, as overuse can lead to dependence and may disrupt normal bowel function.